Ένα βδελλοειδές rotifer ήταν
θαμμένο στην παγωμένη Αρκτική Σιβηρία και αναγεννήθηκε μετά από 24.000 χρόνια!
Πρόκειται για ζώο με νευρικό
σύστημα και εγκέφαλο και τα πάντα, λέει ο Stas Malavin του Επιστημονικού
Κέντρου Pushchino για τη Βιολογική Έρευνα RAS στη Ρωσία.
Δεν είναι απόλυτο ρεκόρ: Τα νηματώδη
σκουλήκια αναπαράγονται από τα ίδια παγωμένα μέρη της Σιβηρίας, μετά από 30.000
χρόνια, αλλά κανένα rotifer δεν ήταν γνωστό ως τώρα, ότι αντέχει τόσο καιρό!
24,000 YEAR SLEEP
A tiny animal called a rotifer has been revived from a 24,000 year deep
freeze, entombed in the Siberian permafrost. This is the longest a rotifer has
been observed to have survived in such extreme cold. While simple organisms
like bacteria can often survive millennia in permafrost, “this is an animal
with a nervous system and brain and everything”, says Stas Malavin of the
Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research RAS in Russia. It is not
quite a record – nematode worms have purportedly been revived from permafrost
after 30,000 years – but no rotifer has been known to endure so long.
Summary
In natural, permanently frozen habitats, some organisms may be preserved
for hundreds to tens of thousands of years. For example, stems of Antarctic
moss were successfully regrown from an over millennium-old sample covered by
ice for about 400 years. Likewise, whole campion plants were regenerated from
seed tissue preserved in relict 32,000-year-old permafrost, and nematodes were
revived from the permafrost of two localities in northeastern Siberia, with
source sediments dated over 30,000 years BP. Bdelloid rotifers, microscopic
multicellular animals, are known for their ability to survive extremely low
temperatures4. Previous reports suggest survival after six to ten years when
frozen between −20° to 0°C. Here, we report the survival of an
obligate parthenogenetic bdelloid rotifer, recovered from northeastern Siberian
permafrost radiocarbon-dated to ∼24,000 years BP. This
constitutes the longest reported case of rotifer survival in a frozen state. We
confirmed the finding by identifying rotifer actin gene sequences in a
metagenome obtained from the same sample. By morphological and molecular
markers, the discovered rotifer belongs to the genus Adineta, and aligns with a
contemporary Adineta vaga isolate collected in Belgium. Experiments
demonstrated that the ancient rotifer withstands slow cooling and freezing (∼1°C
min−1) for at least seven days. We also show that a clonal culture can
continuously reproduce in the laboratory by parthenogenesis.
ΠΗΓΗ: Lyubov Shmakova, Stas
Malavin, Nataliia Iakovenko, Daniel Shain, Michael Plewka, Elizaveta Rivkina «Aliving bdelloid rotifer from 24,000-year-old Arctic permafrost» στο current-biology, vol. 31, ISSUE 11, PR712-R713, 7.6.2021,
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.077. ΑΡΧΕΙΟΝ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΥ, 8.6.2021.
